主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)轉化為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法)
1.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法
英語(yǔ)中及物動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)，即主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執行者被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構成。
助動(dòng)詞be有人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)和數的變化。 一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法： 1. 一般現在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構成：is / am / are + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. I am asked to study hard. Knives are used for cutting things. 2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構成：was / were + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 A new shop was built last year. Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 3. 現在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構成：has / have + been + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 This book has been translated into many languages. Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 4. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構成：will+ be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year. 5. 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構成：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now. The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 6. 現在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構成：am / is / are + being + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 7. 不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：to + be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 There are two books to be read. → There are twenty more trees to be planted. 二、怎樣把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)？ 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)非常簡(jiǎn)單，可以遵循以下幾個(gè)步驟： 1. 先找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞； 2. 再找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)； 3. 把賓語(yǔ)用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)； 4. 注意人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)和數的變化。
例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 3. He has written two novels so far.→Two novels have been written by him so far. 4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow.→Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 5. Lucy is writing a letter now.→A letter is being written by Lucy now. 6. You must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave. 三、使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題： 1. 不及物動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 2. 有些動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。
This pen writes well. This new book sells well. 3. 感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞使用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不帶to ，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，須加上to 。 例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 4. 如果是接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，直接賓語(yǔ)（物）作主語(yǔ)，那么動(dòng)詞后要用介詞，這個(gè)介詞是由與其搭配的動(dòng)詞決定。
He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him. He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father. 5. 一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)應當看作一個(gè)整體，而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。 We can't laugh him. →He can't be laugh by us. He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.。
2.怎么把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法
將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法可分為三步：
第一步是把主動(dòng)句的賓語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)；
第二步是把主動(dòng)句的謂語(yǔ)變成“be+過(guò)去分詞”，be時(shí)態(tài)要與原句保持一致；
第三步是把主動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)閎y的賓語(yǔ)，放在被動(dòng)句的謂語(yǔ)之后，by短語(yǔ)可以省略。
如：
Mary broke the cup. 瑪麗打破了杯子。
The cup was broken by Mary. 杯子是瑪麗打破的。
擴展資料：
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的口訣：
一般現在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)用be +及物動(dòng)詞的.過(guò)去分詞，be有人稱(chēng)、時(shí)、數變。
完成時(shí)態(tài)have(has)done，被動(dòng)將been加中間。
一般將來(lái)shall(will)do，被動(dòng)變do為be done。
將來(lái)進(jìn)行無(wú)被動(dòng)，shall(will)be doing。
現在完成時(shí)，被動(dòng) have(has)been done。
現、過(guò)進(jìn)行be doing，被動(dòng)be加being done。
情、助、有、是妥安排，一律隨新主語(yǔ)變。
否定助后加not，疑問(wèn)一助置主前。
主語(yǔ)恰是疑問(wèn)詞，直陳語(yǔ)序主在前。
一般情助加be done，雙賓多將間賓變。
復合賓語(yǔ)賓變主，賓補、主補相應變。
3.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)如何改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
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如何把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)轉換為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。其中主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)執行動(dòng)作，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)承受動(dòng)作。那么，怎樣把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)轉換為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)呢？
1.先確定主動(dòng)句的主、謂、賓，找出其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；
2.把主動(dòng)句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ)，若賓語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)，應把賓格變?yōu)橹鞲瘢?/p>
3.把主動(dòng)句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)椤爸鷦?dòng)詞be +及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”結構，但時(shí)態(tài)不能改變；
4.把主動(dòng)句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前面的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句中介詞by的賓語(yǔ)（沒(méi)必要說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執行者時(shí)可略去“by +賓語(yǔ)”），若主語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)，應把主格變?yōu)橘e格。友情提示：
1.如果主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中含有動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不可丟掉短語(yǔ)末尾的介詞或副詞。如：
You can look up this word in the dictionary.→This word can be looked up in the dictionary.
2.使役動(dòng)詞make, have及感官動(dòng)詞see, hear, watch, feel等后接省略to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式的符號to還要加上去。如：
The boss made them work for 16 hours a day.→They were made to work for 16 hours a day (by the boss).
We saw them work in that workshop.→They were seen to work (by us) in that workshop.
3.如果主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子中含有雙賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，有兩種方法：①將指人的間接賓語(yǔ)作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，要將人稱(chēng)代詞賓格變?yōu)槿朔Q(chēng)
4.怎樣將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執行者，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。如： Many people speak English.（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)） English is spoken by many people.（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)） 1.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構成 由于不及物動(dòng)詞不能帶賓語(yǔ)，故無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，只有及物動(dòng)詞或相當于及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其基本構成方式是“助動(dòng)詞be+過(guò)去分詞”。
注意：“be+過(guò)去分詞”結構不一定都是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，有些動(dòng)詞（如 be,feel,look,seem等）后面的過(guò)去分詞已轉化為形容詞，用作表語(yǔ)表示狀態(tài)。如： My bike is broken.（我的自行車(chē)壞了。）
The door is open.（門(mén)開(kāi)了。） 2.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 1）將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應注意以下三個(gè)方面：①將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)；②將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改為“be+過(guò)去分詞”結構；③將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)改為介詞by之后的賓語(yǔ)，放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后（有時(shí)可省略）。
2）含直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)有兩種情況：①把間接賓語(yǔ)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)仍保留原位；②把直接賓語(yǔ)改為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，此時(shí)，間接賓語(yǔ)前要加介詞to或 for。如： He gave the boy an apple.→The boy was given an apple.（或An apple was given to the boy.） Her father bought her a present.→She was bought a present by her father.（或A present was bought for her by her father.） 3）不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)不定式前要加to。
如： They watched the children sing that morning.→The children were watched to sing that morning. 4）帶復合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞在改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，一般把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中作主語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)。如： We call him Xiao Wang.→He is called Xiao Wang. He cut his hair short.→His hair was cut short. They told him to help me.→He was told to help me. 5）短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不可分割的整體，改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要保持其完整性，介詞或副詞不可遺漏。
如： We must take good care of the young trees.→The young trees must be taken good care of. 6）含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主動(dòng)結構變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結構時(shí)，通常用it作為被動(dòng)結構的先行主語(yǔ)，從句放在句子后面；也可采用另一種形式。可以這樣轉換為被動(dòng)結構的動(dòng)詞有know,say,believe,find,think,report等。
如： People believe that he is ill.→It is believed that he is ill.（或：He is believed to be ill.） 3.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法： 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中介詞by后的賓語(yǔ)改為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)（或按題意要求確定主語(yǔ)），按照這個(gè)主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數以及原來(lái)的時(shí)態(tài)把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式由被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。注意在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中有的動(dòng)詞要求不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)，此時(shí)要把被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的to去掉。
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)用來(lái)作主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)。如： History is made by the people.The people make history. 4.不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況 1）某些表示“靜態(tài)”的及物動(dòng)詞（表示狀態(tài)而不是動(dòng)作，而且常常是不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞）如have,fit,suit,hold（容納），cost, suffer,last（持續）等不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
如： They have a nice car.他們有一輛漂亮的汽車(chē)。 My shoes don't fit me.我的鞋不合適。
My brain can't hold so much information at one time.我的腦子一下子記不住這么多資料。 How much /What does it cost？這值多少錢(qián)？ Our holiday lasts 10days.我們的假期有十天。
This food will last(them)(for)3days.這食物足夠（他們）（吃）三天。 2）不是所有帶介詞的動(dòng)詞都能用于被動(dòng)結構。
若是構成成語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常有被動(dòng)態(tài)，若不構成成語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則無(wú)被動(dòng)態(tài)。試比較： They arrived at a decision.A decision was arrived at.他們作出了決定。
They arrived at the station.他們到達車(chē)站。（不說(shuō)：The station was arrived at.） He looked into the question.The question was looked into.他調查了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
3）動(dòng)詞leave（離開(kāi)），enter（進(jìn)入），join（參加）不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如： The car left the road and hit a tree.車(chē)子離開(kāi)了道路，撞上了樹(shù)。
4）某些及物動(dòng)詞可作不及物動(dòng)詞用，特別是后加副詞（如well, easily等）時(shí)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有被動(dòng)含義，這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有sell,write, wear,wash,cook,open,close,lock,read,record等。
如： His new novel is selling well.他的新小說(shuō)很暢銷(xiāo)。The cloth washes well.這布很耐洗。
This material won't wear.這種材料不耐穿。His play won't act.他的戲劇不會(huì )上演。
The window won't shut.這窗關(guān)不上。The door won't open.這門(mén)打不開(kāi)。
The door won't lock.這門(mén)鎖不上。This poem reads well.這首詩(shī)讀來(lái)很好。
5)feel,look,appear,sound,taste,smell等由實(shí)意動(dòng)詞演變而來(lái)的系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如： Tell me if you feel cold.你要是感到冷就告訴我。
You're looking very unhappy—what's the matter？你看來(lái)很不高興———怎么回事兒？ The soup tastes wonderful.這湯味道好極了。 Those roses smell beautiful.那些玫瑰好聞極了。
She appears to be friendly.她看上去很友好。 6）賓語(yǔ)是不定式或動(dòng)詞的-。
5.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 那三步啊
把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，應走好以下三步：
1）主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)；
2）主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式；
3）主動(dòng)結構的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語(yǔ)，組成介詞短語(yǔ)，放在被動(dòng)結構的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后。（在無(wú)須說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執行者或只強調動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，by短語(yǔ)可以省略。）
請看示范：
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：My brother repaired that bike yesterday.
主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 賓語(yǔ)其余部分
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：That bike was repaired (by my brother) yesterday.
主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 by+賓語(yǔ)其余部分
對于主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)方法的考查，主要在句型轉換題目中出現。只要能夠按照上面介紹的方法去做，一般是能夠做對的。
6.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 方法 要自己總結的
將主動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)分別做被動(dòng)句的賓語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)，就是相互交換一下，這是最簡(jiǎn)單的，有時(shí)主、賓語(yǔ)是癮藏的，變的時(shí)候需要跟具意思找出它們，再進(jìn)行變換；這是變的規則：一般現在、過(guò)去時(shí)，is(are)/was(were)+過(guò)去分詞；一般現在、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，is(are)/was(were)+being+過(guò)去分詞；現在、過(guò)去完成時(shí)，has(have)/had+been+過(guò)去分詞；一般將來(lái)時(shí)，will+be+過(guò)去分詞；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，can(may/might/ought/)+be+過(guò)去分詞；。
