漢譯英(的英文縮寫)
1.基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的英文縮寫
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英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)和知識(shí)
一、詞類：英語(yǔ)詞類分十種：
名詞、形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、冠詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞、介詞、連詞、感嘆詞。
1、名詞（n.）：表示人、事物、地點(diǎn)或抽象概念的名稱。如：boy,morning,bag,ball,class,orange.
2、代詞（pron.）：主要用來(lái)代替名詞。如：who,she,you,it .
3、形容詞（adj..）：表示人或事物的性質(zhì)或特征。如：good, right, white, orange.
4、副詞（adv.）：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或其他副詞，說(shuō)明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly,slowly.
5、數(shù)詞（num.）：表示數(shù)目或事物的順序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.
6、動(dòng)詞（v.）：表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如：am, is,are,have,see .
7、冠詞（art..）：用在名詞前，幫助說(shuō)明名詞。如：a, an, the.
8、介詞（prep.）：表示它后面的名詞或代詞與其他句子成分的關(guān)系。如in, on, from, above, behind.
9、連詞（conj.）：用來(lái)連接詞、短語(yǔ)或句子。如and, but, before .
10、感嘆詞（interj..）表示喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello.
二3、構(gòu)詞法：英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法主要有：合成法、派生法和轉(zhuǎn)換法。
1、合成法：如：spaceship,headache,basketball,playground等等。
2、派生法：
(1)派生名詞：①動(dòng)詞+er/or②動(dòng)詞+ing③動(dòng)詞+（t）ion④形容詞+ness⑤其他，如：inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge(2)Chinese"Th
2.35個(gè)翻譯（漢譯英）很基礎(chǔ)的
If tomorrow weather will be sunny, he will lead her girlfriend to go to the beach to play. 2. When she is young young fellow's time, he is extremely sensitive to own words and deeds. 3. He is interested specially to a girl, frequently together goes to the Shanghai big theater with him. 4. A his saying must say the speech, side that partner then excitedly to extremely, laughs. 5. That boy that day is not willing to attend class, his parents can not but urge repeatedly he goes to school. 6. Schoolmates the individual seat classroom each place discussion question, was their teacher comes in this. 7. His has bought this house last year, owes the relaxation not to pay in full. 8. The friend of mine nods to me, then considered carefully I proposed question. 9. The housing becomes the now popular topic, this is not difficult to understand. 10. You have gradually been used to old house these questions, likely was used to own shortcoming to be same. 11. When that teacher teaching, schoolmates all one side carefully listen attentively, at the same time earnest makes the note. 12. We admire the extraordinary personality, because their actions are worth us admiring. 13. Four schoolmates altogether live an apartment, in set of has the kitchen, the place and the bathroom which they use in common. 14. These Americans are extremely curious to the Chinese culture, very wants to understand the Chinese and American culture the main difference. 15. These English students extremely liked last year the summer vacation which passed in China, the primary cause was they has become friends with many Chinese friends. 16. They anxious must know whether can pass the night in this room. 17. They spoke sound probably to catch cold, or cough. 18. In very long period of time, our country has many people to believe 13 this numerals can bring the misfortune. 19. He is a diligent student, has studied each text all can recite. 20. Since Professor Wang from beforehand dwelling accompaniment, I have not seen him. 21. He in English lecture the first award, has felt extremely excitedly. 22. That young boy detected oneself adapts to the new school circumstances very much. 23. He very is satisfied to here all, ever does not complain anything. 24. If I can through the school test, in the heart be able the full this kind of kind of feeling: I very quick can become perfectly have no time. 26. A person life is happiest, one of happiest significant events occurs at hold wedding ceremony that day. 27. His mother star sews the cotton and kapok product with hardship. 28. Many people spend the very much time and the money for the preparation wedding ceremony. 29. In the past, the girl got married when had to bring many things to go to the husband family, to wrap the bedding, the bed sheet, the big wardrobe and so on. 30. After the men and women become engaged for a year to hold the wedding ceremony, this is one traditional custom. 31. In he leads the football team attends many international competitions, after 10 times wins streak, only then first time has lost a competition. 32. The teacher teaches when should the target key points and the difficulty, in order to enable the student to grasp truly. 33. Has the positive manner regarding the work, regardless of makes any always whole-heartedly. 34. If turbine wheel Germany that noon time wire walkingl worried not excessively own security problem, he cannot plunge to death. 35. He is an outstanding manager, once this wrong decision, then immediately corrected.。
3.50道英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)填空題 帶答案
1特殊疑問(wèn)句 What's your name？ –I'm Liu Ying. –My name is Liu Ying.What's your number? -I'm Number One.What class are you in？ –I'm in Class Two What grade are you in？ –I'm in Grade One What row are you in？ –I'm in Row One.What row are they in？ –They're in Row 7 What class is she in？ –She's in Class One, Grade One What colour is your bag？ –It's black.What's his number? -He's Number One, in Row One.What's one plus two? -It's three.What's this? -It is a clock.What's that in English? -It's a book.What're these？ –They are books.What're those？ –They are cups.What can you see in the picture？ –I can see a clock What can she see？ –She can see a dog.What's in the room？ –There is a desk.Who is this？ –This is Joy. Who is that？ –That is David.Who's not here？ –Ann is not here.Who isn't at school today？ –Li Ming and Wei Fang Who's that girl？ –That's my sister, Joy.Who's that man？ –That's my father.Who's on duty today？ –I am.How old are you？ –I'm eleven.How old is she？ –She's seven.How old is Polly？ –It's two.How many children are there in your class？ –66 How many pens do you have？ –I have 2 pens.How are you？ –I'm fine, thanks.How is your father？ –He's well.How do you do？ –How do you do?Where is she？ –I think she's at home.Where is the washroom？ –It's over there.Where are her photos？ –They're on the wall.Which is your friend？ –The one in a hat.Which boy is Tom？ –The boy on the bike.Whose clock is this? -It's his.Whose is this clock? -It's his.Whose shoes are these? -They're mine.2.一般疑問(wèn)句 Are you Lin Tao？ –Yes, I am.Are you in Row 4？ –Yes, I am.Are you ten？ –Yes, I am.Are you English？ –Yes, I am Are these your English books？ –Yes, they are.Are those your pens？ –Yes, they are.Are we all here？ –Yes, we are Are they on her desk？ –Yes, they are.Are there two boys in the room？ –Yes, there are Are there any girls in the room？ –Yes, there are.Is one plus two three？ –Yes, it is.Is this a cup？ –Yes, it is.Is that a ruler？ –Yes, it is.Is it a cake？ –Yes, it is.Is it on the desk？ –Yes, it is.Is everyone here today？ –Yes, we are.Is she at school today？ –Yes, she is.Is this your pencil-box？ –Yes, it is.Is that my cup？ –No, it isn't.Is there a bag on the bed？ –Yes, there is.Do you know？ –Yes, I do.Can you spell your name？ –Yes, I can.Can we put our coats here？ –Yes, you can.Can I see your licence？ –Yes, you can。
4.誰(shuí)可以幫我搜集英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)
1. 人稱代詞 主格： I we you she he it they 賓格： me us you her him it them 形容詞性物主代詞：my our your her his its their 名詞性物主代詞： mine ours yours hers his its theirs 2.形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí) （1） 一般在形容詞或副詞后+er older taller longer stronger, etc (2) 多音節(jié)詞前+more more interesting, etc. (3) 雙寫最后一個(gè)字母，再+er bigger fatter, etc. (4) 把y變i，再+er heavier, earlier (5) 不規(guī)則變化： well-better, much/many-more, etc. 3.可數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 Most nouns + s a book –books Nouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories Nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches Nouns ending in o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes Nouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves 4.不可數(shù)名詞（單復(fù)數(shù)形式不變） bread, rice, water ,juice etc. 5. 縮略形式 I'm = I am you're = you are she's = she is he's = he is it's = it is who's =who is can't =can not isn't=is not etc 6. a/an a book, a peach an egg an hour 7. Preposition: on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind. 表示時(shí)間： at six o'clock, at Christmas, at breakfast on Monday on 15th July On National Day in the evening in December in winter 8. 基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞 one – first two-second twenty-twentieth 9. Some /any I have some toys in my bedroom. Do you have any brothers or sisters? 10. be 動(dòng)詞 （1） Basic form: am/are/is (2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London. My eyes are(not) small. My hair is(not) long. (3)一般疑問(wèn)句： Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren't. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren't. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn't. 11. there be 結(jié)構(gòu) 肯定句： There is a … There are … 一般疑問(wèn)句：Is there …？ Yes, there is./ No, there isn't. Are there…？ Yes, there are. /No, there aren't. 否定句： There isn't …. There aren't…. 12. 祈使句 Sit down please Don't sit down, please. 13. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí).通常用“now”. 形式： be + verb +ing eg: I am(not) doing my homework. You/We/They are(not) reading. He/She/It is(not) eating. 動(dòng)詞 —ing 的形式 Most verbs +ing walk—walking Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming 14 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。 形式： 肯定句： I go to school on foot every day. She goes to school on foot every day 一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ★ 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)指經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和often, usually, always, sometimes, every…等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
肯定句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形（單三+s）， 否定句用don't /doesn't +動(dòng)詞原形，疑問(wèn)句用Do/Does…+動(dòng)詞原形？ e.g. Tom does his homework every day. 湯姆每天都做家庭作業(yè)。 否定句：Tom doesn't do his homework everyday. 湯姆每天都不做家庭作業(yè)。
疑問(wèn)句：Does Tom do his homework everyday 湯姆每天都做家庭作業(yè)嗎？ Yes, he does./No, he doesn't. 是的。（不，不做。）
二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法 1.表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 常和now 連用，有時(shí)用一個(gè)look、listen ，來(lái)表now 這一時(shí)間概念。 *Look! A train is coming .看，火車來(lái)了。
*Listen! He is playing the piano.聽，他在彈琴。 2.表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 但不一定是說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行。
常和at present ,this week ,these days…等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 *What lesson are you studying this week？你們本周學(xué)哪一課了？（說(shuō)話時(shí)并不在學(xué)） 3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)可用來(lái)表示一個(gè)在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 即是說(shuō)可以用來(lái)代替將來(lái)時(shí)，但此時(shí)，一般要與表示將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，而且僅限于少量動(dòng)詞。
如：go, come, leave, start, arrive, return . sleep *Are you going to Tianjin tomorrow？ 你明天去天津嗎？ *How many of you are coming to the party next week？ 你們有多少人下周要來(lái)參加晚會(huì) /mg乖乖 回答采納率：44.7% 2008-12-28 20:35 檢舉。
5.初中英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) 有哪些
由動(dòng)詞開頭構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)、詞組很多。
復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)應(yīng)分類處理： 一、動(dòng)詞+介詞 1.look at…看…， look like … 看上去像……， look after …照料… 2.listen to…聽…… 3.welcome to…歡迎到…… 4.say hello to …向……問(wèn)好 5.speak to…對(duì)……說(shuō)話 此類短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，其后必須帶賓語(yǔ)，但賓語(yǔ)無(wú)論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之后。 二、動(dòng)詞+副詞 “動(dòng)詞+副詞”所構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)義分為兩類： A.動(dòng)詞（vt.）+副詞 1.put on 穿上 2.take off脫下 3.write down記下 此類短語(yǔ)可以帶賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)若是名詞，放在副詞前后皆可；賓語(yǔ)若是人稱代詞，只能放在副詞的前面。
B.動(dòng)詞（vi）+副詞。 1.come on趕快 2.get up起床 3.go home回家 4.come in進(jìn)來(lái) 5.sit down坐下 6.stand up起立 此類短語(yǔ)屬于不及物動(dòng)詞，不可以帶賓語(yǔ)。
三、其它類動(dòng)詞詞組 1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games 10. play games [介詞短語(yǔ)聚焦] “介詞+名詞/代詞”所構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)稱為介詞短語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)將Unitsl-16常用的介詞短語(yǔ)按用法進(jìn)行歸類。
1.in+語(yǔ)言/顏色/衣帽等，表示使用某種語(yǔ)言或穿著……。 2.in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在……排/隊(duì)/班級(jí)/年級(jí)”等。
3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段時(shí)間。 4.in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在書桌/鉛筆盒/臥室里”。
5.in the tree表示“在樹上 （非樹本身所有）”；on the tree表示“在樹上（為樹本身所有）”。 6.in the wall表示“在墻上（凹陷進(jìn)去）”；on the wall表示“在墻上（指墻的表面）”。
7.at work（在工作）/at school（上學(xué)）/at home（在家）應(yīng)注意此類短語(yǔ)中無(wú)the。 8.at + 時(shí)刻表示鐘點(diǎn)。
9.like this/that表示方式，意為“像……這/那樣”。 10.of短語(yǔ)表示所屬關(guān)系。
11.behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名詞等，表示方位、處所。 12.from與to多表示方向，前者意為“從……”，后者意為“到……”。
另外，以下這些短語(yǔ)也必須掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one's bike等。
[重點(diǎn)句型大回放] 1.I think…意為“我認(rèn)為……”，是對(duì)某人或某事的看法或態(tài)度的一種句型。其否定式常用I don't think…， 2.give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意為“把……給……”，動(dòng)詞give之后可接雙賓語(yǔ)，可用這兩種句型；若指物的賓語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)，則只能用give it/ them to sb. 3.take sb./ sth. to…意為“把……（送）帶到……”，后常接地點(diǎn)，也可接人。
4.One…， the other…/One is…and one is…意為“一個(gè)是……；另一個(gè)是……”，必須是兩者中。 5.Let sb. do sth. 意為“讓某人做某事”，人后應(yīng)用不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，其否定式為Don't let sb,do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let's 與Let us的含義不完全相同，前者包括聽者在內(nèi)，后者不包括聽者在內(nèi)， 6.help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意為“幫助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作賓補(bǔ)，后者用介詞短語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)，二者可以互換. 7.What about…？/How about…？意為“……怎么樣？”是用來(lái)詢問(wèn)或征求對(duì)方的觀點(diǎn)、意見(jiàn)、看法等。
about為介詞，其后須接名詞、代詞或V-ing等形式。 8.It's time to do…/ It's time for sth. 意為“該做……的時(shí)間了”，其中to后須接原形動(dòng)詞，for后可接名詞或V-ing形式。
9.like to do sth./like doing sth.意為“喜歡做某事”， 前一種句型側(cè)重具體的一次性的動(dòng)作；后一種句型側(cè)重習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作， 10.ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意為“讓某人（不要）做某事”，其中ask sb.后應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞不定式， 11.show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意為“把某物給某人看”，該句型的用法同前面第2點(diǎn)。 12.introduce sb. to sb. 意為“把某人介紹給另一人”；introduce to sb.則是“向某人作介紹”。
[重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)快速?gòu)?fù)習(xí)] 1.kinds of 各種各樣的 2. either…or…或者……或者……，不是……就是…… 3. neither…nor…既不……也不…… 4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中國(guó)清茶 5. take a seat 就坐 6. home cooking 家常做法 7. be famous for 因……而著名 8. on ones way to在……途中 9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院 10. at the end of在……的盡頭，在……的末尾 11. wait for 等待 12. in time 及時(shí) 13. make one's way to…往……（艱難地）走去 14. just then 正在那時(shí) 15. first of all 首先，第一 16. go wrong 走錯(cuò)路 17. be/get lost 迷路 18. make a noise 吵鬧，喧嘩 19. get on 上車 20. get off 下車 21. stand in line 站隊(duì) 22. waiting room 候診室，候車室 23. at the head of……在……的前頭 24. laugh at 嘲笑 25. throw about 亂丟，拋散 26. in fact 實(shí)際上 27. at midnight 在半夜 28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快 29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架 30. take one's temperature 給某人體溫 31. have/get a pain in…某處疼痛 32. have a headache 頭痛 33. as soon as… 一……就…… 34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事 35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事 36. fall asleep 入睡 37. again and again再三地，反復(fù)地 38. wake up 醒來(lái)，叫醒 39. instead of 代替 40. look over 檢查 41. take 。
6.英語(yǔ)的一些基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)
句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+定語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ)這是最完整的，也是最復(fù)雜的句子，一般的有主謂賓就夠成句子了，例句：I will meet my loved person tomorrow afternoon in the five star hotel Hilton.如果有從句的話，要看從句在主句中的位置而分為主語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句等。
時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：可以用一個(gè)時(shí)間線來(lái)表示過(guò)去完成時(shí)-過(guò)去時(shí)-過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)-現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-一般將來(lái)時(shí)-將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)-將來(lái)完成時(shí)。其中如果只要把現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)之間的關(guān)系分清楚，另外的過(guò)去一組時(shí)態(tài)（過(guò)去完成時(shí)-過(guò)去時(shí)-過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）和將來(lái)的一組時(shí)態(tài)（一般將來(lái)時(shí)-將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)-將來(lái)完成時(shí)）都好理解了，只是相對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間關(guān)系不同而已，當(dāng)然用來(lái)表達(dá)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞有變化。
一般在講一個(gè)句子的時(shí)候，要先分清這個(gè)句子所位于的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，這樣就能得心應(yīng)手的選擇相對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)了。這兩大塊是英語(yǔ)的基礎(chǔ)，只要這些搞清楚了，就只是記記單詞和詞組的事情了。
